Business interruption losses due to failure of critical infrastructure after a flooding event in the Netherlands

About ten years ago, the optimal flood protection standards for the Netherlands were obtained by performing a social cost benefit analysis. The damages linked to failed critical infrastructure could not explicitly calculated, but were estimated to result in 2-33% extra damages to the total flood damages. However, more recent studies have showed that in other European countries failure of critical infrastructure could result in far more extra flood damages. Therefore, this study (final thesis) focused on finding a method to better quantify the effects of failure of critical infrastructure after a flood event in the Netherlands.